The strings prevail in "The Song of the Grave", in which some would say the second subject theme, in B minor, starts in this section. "Of Joys and Passions", in C minor, marks the first subject theme of the work's allegro (exposition) proper. "Of the Great Longing" introduces motifs that are more chromatic in nature. "Of the Backworldsmen" begins with cellos, double-basses and organ pedal before changing into a lyrical passage for the entire section. The major third is immediately changed to a minor third, which is the first note played in the work (E flat) that is not part of the overtone series. On its first appearance, the motif is a part of the first five notes of the natural overtone series: octave, octave and fifth, two octaves, two octaves and major third (played as part of a C major chord with the third doubled).
This transforms into the brass fanfare of the Introduction and introduces the "dawn" motif (from "Zarathustra's Prologue", the text of which is included in the printed score) that is common throughout the work the motif includes three notes, in intervals of a fifth and octave, as C–G–C (known also as the Nature-motif). The piece starts with a sustained double low C on the double basses, contrabassoon and church organ. The work is orchestrated for piccolo, 3 flutes (3rd doubling piccolo), 3 oboes, English horn, clarinet in E-flat, 2 clarinets in B-flat, bass clarinet in B-flat, 3 bassoons, contrabassoon, 6 horns in F and E, 4 trumpets in C and E, 3 trombones, 2 tubas, timpani, bass drum, cymbals, triangle, glockenspiel, bell on low E, organ, and strings: 2 harps, violins I, II (16 each), violas (12), cellos (12), and double basses (8) (with low B string). The initial fanfare – titled "Sunrise" in the composer's programme notes – became well known after its use in Stanley Kubrick's 1968 film 2001: A Space Odyssey. A typical performance lasts half an hour. The composer conducted its first performance on 27 November 1896 in Frankfurt.
30 ( German: ( listen), Thus Spoke Zarathustra or Thus Spake Zarathustra) is a tone poem by Richard Strauss, composed in 1896 and inspired by Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophical 1883–1885 novel Thus Spoke Zarathustra.
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